@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .small-screen-br {
      display: inline;
  }
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 601px) {
  .small-screen-br {
      display: none;
  }
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 400px) {
  .smallest-screen-br {
      display: none;
  }
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 401px) {
  .smallest-screen-br {
      display: inline;
  }
}


:root {
  --font-family-sans: 'Barlow', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-family-mono: 'Fira Mono', SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', 'Courier New', monospace;
  --pure-white: #ffffff;
  --primary-color: #b9c6d2;
  --secondary-color: #d0dde9;
  --tertiary-color: #edf0f8;
  --accent-color: #1772d0;
  --heading-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
  --text-color: #444444;
  --link-color: #1772d0;
  --link-hover-color: #0056b3;
  --column-width: 42rem;
  --column-margin-top: 4rem;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-family-sans);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--font-family-sans);
  color: var(--heading-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

a {
  color: var(--link-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--link-hover-color);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.highlight {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.tiktok {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 40%;
}

.intro-text {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* 通用文本样式 */
.text-regular {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.text-light {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 300;
}

.text-small {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

/* 自定义间距类 */
.section-spacing {
  padding-top: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* 响应式图片 */
.responsive-image {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

/* 链接悬停效果 */
.hover-highlight:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hide {
  display: none;
}
    
.myemail:hover + .hide {
  display: block;
  /* color: red; */
}
/* span.highlight{
  font-weight: bolder;
  background: linear-gradient(104deg, rgba(130, 255, 173,0) 0.9%, rgba(130, 255, 173,1.25) 2.4%, rgba(130, 255, 173,0.5) 5.8%, rgba(130, 255, 173,0.1) 93%, rgba(130, 255, 173,0.7) 96%, rgba(130, 255, 1732,0) 98%), linear-gradient(183deg, rgba(130, 255, 173,0) 0%, rgba(130, 255, 173,0.3) 7.9%, rgba(130, 255, 173,0) 15%);
  padding-right: 5%;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
  margin: 0;
  border-radius: 7.5px;
  text-shadow: -12px 12px 9.8px rgba(130, 255, 173,0.7), 21px -18.1px 7.3px rgba(255, 255, 255,1), -18.1px -27.3px 30px rgba(255, 255, 255,1);
  } */

/* a:focus,
a{
  color: #111;
  position: relative;
}
p>a:after{
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 60%;
  left: -0.1em;
  right: -0.1em;
  bottom: 0;
  transition:top 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1);
  background-color:  rgba(251, 140, 36, 0.251);
  z-index: -1;
}
a:hover{
  color:rgb(0, 0, 0);
}
a:hover:after{
  color:rgb(0, 0, 0);
  top:0%;
} */

a {
  color: #111;
  text-decoration: none; /* optionally remove underlines */
}

/* Specific styles for <a> tags inside <p> elements. */
p > a {
  position: relative;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(251, 140, 36, 0.225), rgba(251, 140, 36, 0.225));
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% 30%; /* initially, the gradient only covers 40% height */
  background-position: 0 95%; /* it's positioned at the bottom */
  transition: background-position 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1), background-size 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1); /* added background-size to transition */
  padding: 2px 0; /* padding for better visual spacing */
}

p > a:hover {
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  background-size: 100% 80%; /* on hover, the gradient covers the entire link height */
  background-position: 0 80%; /* and it starts from the top */
}

span > a {
  position: relative;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(251, 140, 36, 0.225), rgba(251, 140, 36, 0.225));
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% 30%;
  background-position: 0 95%;
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  transition: background-position 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1), background-size 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1);
  padding: 2px 0;
}

span > a:hover {
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  background-size: 100% 80%;
  background-position: 0 80%;
}


.rainbow {
  color: #0395e9;
  background-image: 
  linear-gradient(to right, red,orange,rgb(171, 171, 0),green,blue,indigo,violet, red); 
  -webkit-background-clip: text; 
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;  
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -khtml-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
  animation: rainbow-animation 4s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes rainbow-animation {
  to {
      background-position: 100vh;
  }
}


sup { vertical-align: top; font-size: 0.81em; }

#backToTop {
  display: none;
  /* position: fixed;
  bottom: 20px;
  right: 20px;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px; */
  /* background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); */
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  text-align: center;
  /* border-radius: 50%; */
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 24px;
  z-index: 9999; /* To ensure it is on top of other elements */
}


strong {
  font-weight: 500
}

.emoji::after {
  animation-timing-function: linear;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
}

.wave::after {
  content: '✋';
  --emoji: '👋';
  animation-name: twoFrames;
  animation-duration: 0.9s;
  padding-right: 3px;
}

.email::after {
  content: '📨';
  --emoji: '📥';
  font-size: 20px;
  animation-name: twoFrames;
  animation-duration: 0.9s;
  padding-right: 3px;
}

.nonselectable{
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -khtml-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
}

html {
  /* -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -khtml-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none; */
}
img, a {
  /* user-drag: none; 
  user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -webkit-user-drag: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none; */
}

body {
	font-size: 1rem;
	line-height: 1;
	font-family: 'Barlow', 'Noto Sans TC', 'Noto Sans KR' !important;
	font-weight: 300
}
.page-content {
	padding: 0 18rem !important;
  width: 1800px; /* Set a fixed width for your content */
  max-width: 100%; /* Ensure it doesn't overflow on smaller screens */
  margin: 0 auto; /* Center the container */
}
footer {
	padding: 1rem 18rem 4rem 18rem !important;
}
::-moz-selection {
	color: #333;
	background: rgb(221, 221, 221);
}

::selection {
	color: #000;
	background: #fff1a3;
}

a {
	text-decoration: none !important;
	color: #000;
}
a:hover {
  font-weight: 500 !important;
}
.zoom {
	transition: transform .2s;
}
.zoom:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02); /* (150% zoom - Note: if the zoom is too large, it will go outside of the viewport) */
}

p {
	font-size: 1rem;
	font-weight: 300;
	margin-bottom: .75rem !important;
}
p:last-child {
	margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

p > a {
	font-weight: 500;
  color: black;
}

h4 {
	font-size: 1.1rem;
	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.main {
	padding: 1rem .5rem;
}

.container {
	margin-bottom: 2rem;
	max-width: none !important;
}

.container:last-of-type {
	margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.active {
	text-decoration: underline !important;
}

.nav-link {
    text-transform: lowercase;
    letter-spacing: .75px;
	font-size: 1rem;
	color: black !important;
}
.navbar-nav > li{
    padding-left: 1.1rem;
}
.nav-item {
	padding-left: 0 !important;
}
.navbar-toggler {
	border: none !important;
	outline: none !important;
	padding: 0 !important
  }
@media screen and (max-width: 575px) {
	.padding-row {
		padding-top: 1rem !important;
	}
}

@media screen and (max-width: 1600px) {
	.page-content {
		padding: 0 12rem !important;
	}
    footer {
	    padding: 3rem 12rem !important;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 1440px) {
	.page-content {
		padding: 0 8rem !important;
	}
    footer {
	    padding: 2rem 8rem !important;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 1200px) {
	.page-content {
		padding: 0 5rem !important;
	}
    footer {
	    padding: 2rem 5rem !important;
    }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 991px) {
	.page-content {
		padding: 0 1rem !important;
	}
    footer {
	    padding: 2rem 1rem !important;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 575px) {
	.page-content {
		padding: 0 .3rem !important;
	}
    footer {
	    padding: 2rem .3rem !important;
    }
}

.cryptedmail:after {
  content: attr(data-name) "@" attr(data-domain) "." attr(data-tld); 
}

.profile-image {
	width: 100%;
	height: auto;
	padding: 0 2.5rem;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 1200px) {
	.profile-image {
		padding: 0 1rem !important;
	}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 991px) {
	.profile-image {
		padding: 0 .5rem !important;
	}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
	.profile-image {
		width: 30% !important;
		display: block;
		margin-left: auto;
		margin-right: auto;
	}
  .mb-md-0, .my-md-0 {
    margin-bottom: auto!important;
}
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .image-modal-overlay {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .clickable-image {
    cursor: default;
    pointer-events: none;
  }
}


@media screen and (max-width: 575px) {
	.profile-image {
		width: 50% !important;
		display: block;
		margin-left: auto;
		margin-right: auto;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}
}

.h_iframe {
	/* background-color: #f6f6f9; */
	position: relative;
	padding-bottom: 56.25%;
	/* 16:9 */
	padding-top: 25px;
	margin-bottom: 10px;
	height: 0;
  }
  
.h_iframe iframe {
	position: absolute;
	top: 0;
	left: 0;
	width: 100%;
	height: 100%;
}

.heart {
    transition: 0.3s;
  }
.heart:hover {
	color: red !important;
}
  .publication-title {
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 1.2rem !important
  }
  .author-image {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 100px;
    -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;
    -moz-border-radius: 100px;
    -moz-background-clip: padding;
    border-radius: 100px;
    background-clip: padding-box;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center center;
  }

  .author-name {
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: .9rem !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    margin-bottom: 3px !important;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .affiliation-name {
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: .85rem !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .img-responsive {
    display: block;
    width: 95%;
    max-width: 500px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding: 10px 0 !important;
  }
  .section-title {
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 1rem !important
  }
  .metadata > a {
    margin-right: 8px !important;
  }
  .metadata > a > i {
    padding-right: 4px !important;
  }

  .publication-title {
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 1.2rem !important
  }

  .author-image {
    width: 100px !important;
    height: 100px !important;
    -webkit-border-radius: 100px !important;
    -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;
    -moz-border-radius: 100px !important;
    -moz-background-clip: padding;
    border-radius: 100px !important;
    background-clip: padding-box;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center center;
  }

  .author-name {
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: .9rem !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    margin-bottom: 3px !important;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .affiliation-name {
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: .85rem !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .publication-image {
    display: block !important;
    width: 95% !important;
    max-width: 500px !important;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
  }
  .section-title {
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 1rem !important
  }
  .metadata > a {
    margin-right: 8px !important;
  }
  .metadata > a > i {
    padding-right: 4px !important;
  }

  .coauthor {
    font-weight: 200 !important;
  }
  a > .coauthor:hover {
    font-weight: 400 !important;
  }

  .archive-container {
    border: .5px solid #999;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.archive-container-inner {
    padding: 0 15px 15px 15px;
}
.archive-title {
    font-size: .95rem !important;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-top: 15px;
}
.archive-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}
.archive-description {
    font-size: .9rem !important;
    font-weight: 300;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.modal-title {
    font-size: 1.15rem !important;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.modal-description {
    padding-top: 7px;
    font-size: .95rem !important;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}
.modal-link {
    font-size: .9rem !important;
    padding-top: 1rem !important;
}
.modal-link > a {
    padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
    display: inline-block;
}
.modal-header {
    padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 0 1.25rem !important
}
.modal-body {
    padding: 1.25rem !important
}
.modal-body > p {
    font-size: .95rem !important
}
.modal-content {
    border-radius: 0 !important;
}
.tags a {
    display: inline-block;
    height: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 1.2rem;
    position: relative;
    margin: 0 .1rem .1rem 0;
    padding: 0 .5rem;
    border-radius: .65rem;
    color: #555 !important;
    /* background-color: #eeeeee; */
    font-size: .8rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    user-select: none;
    -moz-user-select: none;
    -webkit-user-drag: none;
    -webkit-user-select: none;
    -ms-user-select: none;
    pointer-events: none;
    cursor: default;
}
.tags a:before {
    content: "# "
}


.head-card {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 1rem 0;
}
.card-active .floating:before {
  opacity: 1;
  transition: 500ms;
}
.floating {
  margin: auto; 
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  box-shadow: -20px 14px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  font-size: 18px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  transform-origin: 50% 50%;
  background: #F7F8F5;
  transform: rotateX(17deg) rotateY(18deg);
}
.thickness {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
  position: absolute;
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, #999999, #666666);
  transform: translateZ(-4px);
}
.thickness:nth-child(2) {
  transform: translateZ(-8px);
}
.thickness:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateZ(-11px);
}


.night-mode {
  background-color: black;
  color: white;
}

.night-mode .nav-link {
  background-color: black !important;
  color: white !important;
}

.night-mode .nav-link:hover {
  background-color: #333 !important;
}

.night-mode .navbar-toggler-icon {
  background-color: white;
}

.night-mode .a {
  position: relative;
  color: white !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(253, 188, 128, 0.225), rgba(249, 191, 136, 0.225));
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% 30%; /* initially, the gradient only covers 40% height */
  background-position: 0 95%; /* it's positioned at the bottom */
  transition: background-position 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1), background-size 200ms cubic-bezier(0, 0.8, 0.13, 1); /* added background-size to transition */
  padding: 2px 0; /* padding for better visual spacing */
}


  .image-modal-overlay {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 9999;
    inset: 0;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .image-modal-overlay.active {
    display: flex;
  }

  .image-modal-content {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 60%;
    max-height: 60%;
  }

  body, html {
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }
  .world {
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }

  .image-modal-content img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 100%;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  }

  .image-modal-close {
    position: absolute;
    top: -30px;
    right: -30px;
    background: #F7F8F5;
    color: black;
    border-radius: 50%;
    padding: 0.4em 0.8em;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: bold;
  }

  .image-modal-close:hover {
    background: #ffdddd;
  }

  .hover-opacity {
    opacity: 0.55;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
  }
  
  .hover-opacity:hover {
    opacity: 1;
  }

  
  .world {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 200vh; /* expands over scroll length, adjust as needed */
    pointer-events: none; /* makes it unclickable so UI below is usable */
    z-index: 0;
    opacity: 0.2;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  .ball {
    position: absolute;
    will-change: transform;
    user-select: none;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  
  table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin-top: 10px;
  }
  
  td {
    vertical-align: top;
    padding: 4px 10px 2px 0; /* tighter top/bottom spacing */
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.3; /* compact line height */
  }
  
  td:first-child {
    white-space: nowrap;
    width: 100px;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    /* padding-right: 12px; */
  }